000			02571nab a22003497a 4500
003			EC-PaCDF
005			20210406160709.0
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040			_aEC-PaCDF _bspa _cEC-PaCDF
041			_aeng
082	0	4	_223 _a593.96
100	1		_aWolff, Matthias. _93702 _eautor
245	1	2	_aA revised strategy for the monitoring and management of the Galapagossea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus (Aspidochirotida: Stichopodidae) / _cMatthias Wolff, Anna Schuhbauer and Mauricio Castrejón.
260	3		_c2012.
300			_a: 539-551 p.
520	0		_aThe brown sea cucumber fishery is active in the Galapagos Islands since the year 1991 after its collapse in mainland Ecuador. This paper analyzes the Galapagos Sea cucumber fishery over the past decade and the reasons for its management pitfalls and chronic over fishing, and proposes an improved strategy for estimating stock size and harvest potential. Based on the historical distribution of the fishing fleet and past fishery surveys, 15 macrozones were defined; their areas were estimated from the coastline to the 30m isobaths and the numbers of sample replicates per macrozone were calculated for a density estimate precision of ±25%. Overall stock size was calculated by summing over all macrozones and was multiplied by 0.122 to obtain the annual quota. This multiplier was derived by inserting an exploitation rate of E=0.3 and a published natural mortality value of M=0.17 into Cadimas formula, thereby obtaining a more conservative precautionary quota estimate. Pre-fishery stock densities in 2009 were below the legal threshold value and the fishery remained closed. Mean densities were significantly lower in the deeper (>15m) than in the shallower (<15m) stratum, contrary to fishermen expectations. Through an empirical regression of (log) pre-fishery density versus subsequent annual catch for the period 1998-2008 we found that catches of most years greatly exceeded the here proposed quota explaining the collapsed nature of the stock. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (2): 539-551. Epub 2012 June 01.
546			_aInglés
550			_a2048
653			_aGalápagos
653			_aInvertebrates
653			_aImbertebrados
653			_aOver fishing
653			_aSobre pesca
653			_aQuota
653			_aCuota
653			_aSea cucumber
653			_aPepinos de mar
700	1		_aSchuhbauer, Anna. _95511 _eautor
700	1		_aCastrejón, Mauricio. _92372 _eautor
773			_gVol. 60, No. 2 (Jun 2012), p. 539-551. _tRev. Biol. Trop
942			_2ddc _cARTICLE
999			_c13075 _d13075