000			02451nab a22003617a 4500
003			EC-PaCDF
005			20171214115150.0
008			160905t20142014xxu|||||||||||||||||eng||
040			_aEC-PaCDF
041			_aeng
082	0	4	_222 _a598.883
100	1		_aTebbich, Sabine. _92276
245	1	0	_aCoping with Uncertainty : _bWoodpecker Finches (Cactospiza pallida) from an Unpredictable Habitat Are More Flexible than Birds from a Stable Habitat.
520	0		_aBehavioural flexibility is thought to be a major factor in evolution. It may facilitate the discovery and exploitation of new resources, which in turn may expose populations to novel selective forces and facilitate adaptive radiation. Darwin's finches are a textbook example of adaptive radiation. They are fast learners and show a range of unusual foraging techniques, probably as a result of their flexibility. In this study we aimed to test whether variability of the environment is correlated with flexibility. We compared woodpecker finches from a dry area (hereafter, Arid Zone), where food availability is variable, with individuals from a cloud forest (hereafter, Scalesia zone) where food abundance is stable. As parameters for flexibility, we measured neophilia and neophobia, which are two aspects of reaction to novelty, reversal learning and problem-solving. We found no differences in performance on a problem-solving task but, in line with our prediction, individuals from the Arid Zone were significantly faster reversal learners and more neophilic than their conspecifics from the Scalesia zone. The latter result supports the notion that environmental variability drives flexibility. In contrast to our prediction, Arid Zone birds were even more neophobic than birds from the Scalesia Zone. The latter result could be the consequence of differences in predation pressure between the two vegetation zones.
546			_aEnglish
653			_aUncertainty.
653			_aIncertidumbre.
653			_aWoodpecker.
653			_aPulsación.
653			_aFinches.
653			_aPinzones.
653			_aCactospiza pallida.
653			_aHábitad.
653			_aUnpredictable.
653			_aImpredecible.
653			_aBirds.
653			_aAves
653			_aStable Habitat.
700	1		_aTeschke, Irmgard. _92747
773	0		_tPLOS ONE _gVol. 9 (Mar 2014), p. 1-7.
856	4	0	_uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091718
942			_2ddc _cARTICLE
999			_c12846 _d12846